Hi all, I'm looking for some help with doing assembly using DASM. I made this little BASIC game that I wanted to make an intro picture for with music (having a scroller too would be a bonus) and I found some great tutorials that have helped me do this using DASM but unfortunately only works separately.

That is, when I try to combine the image & the sid music I get this error message in DASM:
segment: INITIAL CODE SEGMENT 3502 vs current org: 4711
intro.asm (84): error: Origin Reverse-indexed.
Aborting assembly

[Example codes were made by Digitalerr0r of Dark Codex]

Here is the code for the image.asm:

Code:

processor 6502    org $1000         lda $4710         sta $d020         sta $d021         ldx #$00 loaddccimage:    lda $3f40,x         sta $0400,x         lda $4040,x         sta $0500,x         lda $4140,x         sta $0600,x         lda $4240,x         sta $0700,x         lda $4328,x         sta $d800,x         lda $4428,x         sta $d900,x         lda $4528,x         sta $da00,x         lda $4628,x         sta $db00,x         inx         bne loaddccimage    lda #$3b         sta $d011         lda #$18         sta $d016         lda #$18         sta $d018 loop:    jmp loop    org $1FFE    INCBIN "image.PRG"

This work on its own very well.

And here is the Music-code:

Code:

processor    6502    org    $0810              lda #$00              tax              tay              jsr $3580              sei              lda #$7f              sta $dc0d              sta $dd0d              lda #$01              sta $d01a              lda #$1b              ldx #$08              ldy #$14              sta $d011              stx $d016              sty $d014              lda #<irq              ldx #>irq              ldy #$7e              sta $0314              stx $0315              sty $d012              lda $dc0d              lda $dd0d              asl $d019              cli loop:     jmp loop irq:       jsr $3583             asl $d019             jmp    $ea81     org $3580-$7e     INCBIN "music.sid"

On it's own this works perfectly as well.

Can someone help me in combining these two so I get both the image and music working together? Also would be great if you could explain what the error message means. Thanks alot for any help.

Kind regards,
ARG

the problem is that different parts of the code (and data) overlap each other, you'll have to adjust the .org directives and make sure that this doesnt happen.
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The error is already telling what to do, just put the various sections in increasing org address order.
org $0810
org $1000
org $1ffe
org $3580

dasm requires the lowest org to be the first, at that point you can even mix them.
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Short story after much mucking about, I can't get it to work. I don't see where the data overlap is occuring and adjusting the org directives have but given me a slight variation of the error segment numbers. Attempting to put the various sections in increasing address order failed to compile.
Thanks.

Your bitmap ($1FFE-$4710) and music data ($3502-....) are overlapping.
It says 4711 in the error message, because $4711 would be the PC after including the koala bitmap and it collides with your ORG $3580-$7e command, which is the same as ORG $3502.

Thanks Spider-j for that explanation, now I understand the error message. I didn't see that the Image took up so much memory. I suppose since the SID file's Load range is $3580-$414B this data overlap can be fixed by moving the music in memory? What would be your best opinion on what to do here?

i.e. use vic-bank 1 ($4000-$7fff) for your picture and screen memory. Relocating graphics is usually easier than relocating sid tunes.
You can just load your koala file to $6000 and nearly use the same code. And: I'd use plain binary files without load adress and/or sid header.

The way you did it only puts garbage in memory that you don't need.

Thanks for suggestions.
Since the SID's Load range had $3580-$414B If I understand you correct I must relocate the graphics to vic-bank 1 ($8000–$BFFF). Will try this.
I followed a tutorial by digitalerr0r where I learned to make MultiColor images, resolution of 160×200 pixels, with the support of 16 colors using Timanthes 3.0 beta. Upon exporting image as .PRG I was given the following info:

Code:

Settings Bitmap data 2000 Charmem data 3F40 Colormem data 4328 Background data 4710

These numbers I were to use in the image.asm example. How do you propose I load "my koala file to $6000" ?
Would be grateful for more help on relocating this correctly.

Okay just some thoughts how I'd do it:
- split koala file in bitmap, colorram, videoram data
- load videoram to $4400 and colorram afterwards
- load bitmap to $6000

I can't tell you how you do that in DASM. I'm using ACME and there you can skip bytes from your binary includes. I assume there should be something similiar in DASM too.

EDIT: ah, and with load I just mean include with your assemblers include command. The only thing that is important with bitmaps is to align them to vic-bank startadr +$0000 or vic-bank startadr + $2000. And of course that you can not use $0000 and $8000 for your bitmap screen.
You only have to change your display routine.

EDIT2: okay, I looked into DASM docs and saw that it doesn't support byte skip/offset with INCBIN command. So you have to split your binary files manually (i.e. with a hex-editor) before you can use it this way.

Let's see if we can do this in DASM (sorry, I need your help) since I am unfamiliar with ACME. When exporting my image to Koala Painter format I get the following values:

- Bitmap data 6000
- Charmem data 7F40 (Is this what you call videoram?)
- Colormem data 8328
- Background data 8710

This won't crash with the SID's Load range and bitmap is already loaded to $6000. However I haven't split the bitmap, colorram and videoram data as you suggested, do I really need to split them in 3 files ? I have no idea how to do that.

Couldn't I still make this work by relocating the videoram at $4400 ?
You wrote I ofcourse couldn't use $8000 for my bitmap screen, does this mean that the Koala Painter format is not helping me?

I basically want a routine that both loads an image and a sid without competing about the memory locations. Since there is a wide range of Load ranges of the various SID files how do you stack it so your data doesn't crash. Is it possible to show a generic routine for this?

Yes, load the koala file at $6000 then copy the 2 colour datas to their respective positions (ie with code, lda $blah,x sta $4000,x). The one goes to $d800 the other can go anywhere from $4000-$6000. $4400 is fine. No need to split anything.
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Here's what I did, it doesn't show the image just a blank black screen. What is wrong with this code?

Code:

; SYS 20480 to start    processor 6502   ; C=64    org $5000      ; Start address in memory ; Image exported in Koala Painter format: ; Bitmap data 6000 ; Charmem data 7F40 ; Colormem data 8328 ; Background data 8710    ; First of all, we set the background color to the same as our image.         lda $8710      ; Get the value from this address         sta $d020      ; Store it as the border color         sta $d021      ; Store it as the background color    ; Used to copy data to the screen RAM that starts at $0400,         ; But now we use $4400 instead..    ; The data for our image is located at $7f40         ldx #$00      ; First set the X-register to zero loadimage:    lda $7F40,x      ; then start copying         sta $4400,x         lda $8040,x         sta $4500,x         lda $8140,x         sta $4600,x         lda $8240,x         sta $4700,x         lda $8328,x      ; Also, we must copy the color RAM for our image located at $8328         sta $d800,x         lda $8428,x         sta $d900,x         lda $8528,x         sta $da00,x         lda $8628,x         sta $db00,x         inx         bne loadimage    ; Image is loaded and (almost) ready to display    ; Setup bitmap mode & multicolor mode:    lda #$3b         sta $d011      ; bitmap mode         lda #$18         sta $d016      ; multicolor-mode    ; tell the VIC that the screen RAM is at $0400 and that the bitmap is at $6000.         lda #$18      ; -?         sta $d018      ; ... loop:   jmp loop    ; Image at memory location $6000-2 bytes = 51FFE    org $5FFE    INCBIN "image.prg"

I suppose there's alot wrong with this code, also see the ; -? remark, I don't know what value to represent the bitmap at $6000, lda #$18 used to work in earlier example for bitmap at $2000.

Thanks alot !

That looks ok, you just need to change the video bank with $dd00 as explained here

You're now using the 2nd bank $4000-$7fff so the bottom 2 bits need to be 10.

lda $DD00
and #$FC
ora #$02
sta $DD00

or (unsafely) lda #$96 sta $dd00
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Wow that worked Thanks alot for the clean fix! I would never have found that without your exact help, now I'll try to add the SID music. Take care

I'm almost able to combine the Image and SID routines now, only problem is that the upper half of the image is all black (blank) while the bottom half displays fine with the music playing correctly.
If I put the image-label just above the org $5000 line the upper half of the image has garbage graphics at the very top and the border color has been set to pink (though it should be black) while lower half displays fine.

What is causing the upper-half of the image to be like this? [Either empty/black or garbled] I was wondering if the irq-initialization in the music-routine is the culprit with those $d011, $d014 and $d016 but I see no change after setting these to the values from the Image routine.

Is there an easy fix for this current problem:

Code:

; SYS 2064    processor 6502   ; C=64    org   $0810   ; Start address in memory    ; Initiate the music    lda #$00      ; Load Acc. with 00 then copy it to         tax         ; the X-register         tay         ; and Y-register         jsr $3580      ; SID file's Init address (Load range $3580 - $414B)    ; Initiate interrupts         sei         ; Turn off interrupts         lda #$7f      ; Load accumulator with value 7F, and         sta $dc0d      ; turn off CIA I         sta $dd0d      ; turn off CIA II         lda #$01      ; load acc with value 01 then         sta $d01a      ; turn on/enable raster interrupts         lda #$1b        ; Load A-register with hex 1b         ldx #$08        ; Load X-register with hex 08         ldy #$14       ; Load Y-register with hex 14         sta $d011      ; Inserting $1b will Clear high bit of $d012 & set text mode         stx $d016      ; Inserting $08 will Use single-colour         sty $d014      ; Inserting $14 will tell VIC that our screen RAM is at $0400             ; and that we want to use default charset (at $2000).         lda #<irq      ; Low part of address of interrupt handler code         ldx #>irq      ; High part of address of interrupt handler code         ldy #$7e      ; Line to trigger raster interrupt         sta $0314      ; Store in interrupt vector         stx $0315      ; Store in interrupt vector         sty $d012      ; Store in interrupt vector         lda $dc0d      ; Clear pending interrupts for the CIA 1         lda $dd0d      ; Clear pending interrupts for the CIA 2         asl $d019      ; Clear pending interrupts for the VIC         cli            ; Enable interrupts    jmp image      ; Show image irq:   jsr $3583      ; SID-file's Play address         asl $d019      ; ACK the interrupt         jmp    $ea81   ; Restores the stack and return from interrupt.    ; Load the music into $3580-$7e    org $3502    INCBIN "music.sid"    ; Initiate MultiColor image    org $5000    ; Exported in Koala Painter format:    ; Bitmap data 6000    ; Charmem data 7F40    ; Colormem data 8328    ; Background data 8710 image:         lda $8710      ; Get image background color         sta $d020      ; Store it as the border color         sta $d021      ; Store it as the background color    ; Copy video RAM data to $4400.    ; The data for our image is located at $7f40         ldx #$00      ; First set the X-register to zero loadimage:       lda $7F40,x      ; then start copying         sta $4400,x         lda $8040,x         sta $4500,x         lda $8140,x         sta $4600,x         lda $8240,x         sta $4700,x         lda $8328,x      ; Copy the color RAM for our image located at $8328         sta $d800,x         lda $8428,x         sta $d900,x         lda $8528,x         sta $da00,x         lda $8628,x         sta $db00,x         inx         bne loadimage    ; Change video-bank with $dd00:       lda $DD00       ; We now use the 2nd bank $4000-$7fff so the bottom 2 bits need to be 10.       and #$FC       ora #$02       sta $DD00    ; Setup bitmap mode & multicolor mode:       lda #$3b         sta $d011      ; bitmap mode         lda #$18         sta $d016      ; multicolor-mode    ; tell the VIC that the screen RAM is at $4400 and that the bitmap is at $6000.         lda #$18         sta $d018 loop:   jmp loop    ; Image at memory location $6000-2 bytes = 51FFE    org $5FFE    INCBIN "image.prg"

Any glaring mistakes in the code?
Edit: found a typo

What SID are you using then I can test in case that's doing something weird?

The code itself looks fine. You can actually get rid of all the stores to d011,d016 and especially d014 (which is read only lightpen) from the music init part of the code.

It's also neater to not keep ORGing different bits of code in different RAM locations, just keep it all in one place and as long as it doesn't overlap the music or picture you'll be fine.
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The SID I am using is called "No_Girl_No_Life.sid" by Kjell Nordø, you'll find it under HVSC 5.7 at this folder: \C64Music\MUSICIANS\B\Blues_Muz\Nordboe_Kjell

Still stuck with this little problem that the upper half of the image is black.
I did try to remark out those stores to d011, d014 and d016 but it didn't do anything different. I'm not sure how to clean up the code to make it neater as you mention with the ORGing. It appears that the music is still overlapping the image somehow.. just the upperhalf.

Thanks for any suggestions - almost there.

Yeah, looks like the SID init copies a load of RAM right over where the picture is..

As far as the other stores to d011/16/14, like I say, just remove the first lot they're either doing nothing or being overwritten.

Tidying the code a bit, just move the whole of the "image" chunk of code to where you've got jmp image (and remove the jmp image line). That will do exactly the same thing without splitting the code into different bits.

Fixing the SID/Bitmap problem means moving it somewhere else, or use a different SID

*edit*
You've chosen a pain in the ass SID there as far as making it as simple as possible

However, the "easiest" (not neatest) solution is to load the bitmap at $a000 then turn off BASIC ROM with a LDA #$35 STA $01 before you copy the data around. Copy the first chunk of data to $8c00 (anywhere $8000-$8fff really) the other to $d800 as normal. After the copy set the ROM back to on with LDA #$37 STA $01. You MUST move the CLI to after this routine (just put it right before the JMP LOOP) as interrupts will die if BASIC ROM isn't there..

The new value for DD00 is ORA #$01 and for the colours at $8c00 D018 would be #$38.


That now all works perfectly for me.
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Many sids in Blues Muz dir are made like that, player is distant from data and have been manually narrowed to keep the sid file shorter, too bad the init have to "unpack" the data before initing.
Takes some time to make them compact and not writing data around.
http://iancoog.altervista.org/nogirlnolife_fix.rar
here are 2 versions, one manually compacted and one relocated to $1000 (relocation made easier with sidreloc/lft)

No_Girl_No_Life.sid
New range : $35C0-$4184
Init: $35c0 Play: $3603

No_Girl_No_Life-1000.sid
New range : $10C0-$1C84
Init: $10c0 Play: $1103
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Thanks alot for your great help PeteD and iAN Coog You are amazing! I just used your fixed file, thanks for that work of magic iAn, with load range $35C0-$4184 and now it all works perfectly Take care sceners, keep shining

Hello... new to the 64 scene as a 6502 ML coder -- been learning for about a week now how to write all sorts of programs... and I have cobbled together this:

Code:

processor 6502  ;org $0810; run with sys 2064  org $0801  .byte   $0b,$08,$06,$00,$9e,$32,$30,$36,$34  org $0810 ; netrunner demo - bit map title screen image with SID intro music!!!            lda #$00             ; change border and background to black and clear screen            sta $d020      ; border            sta $d021      ; background            jsr $e544            ; clear screen             ; IRQ to play a PSID at $9000              lda #$00              tax              tay              jsr $9000        ; init              sei              lda #$7f              sta $dc0d              sta $dd0d              lda #$01              sta $d01a              lda #$1b              ldx #$08              ldy #$14              sta $d011              stx $d016              sty $d014              lda #<irq        ; setup irq for SID              ldx #>irq              ldy #$7e              sta $0314              stx $0315              sty $d012              lda $dc0d              lda $dd0d              asl $d019              cli            lda $4710            ; load bit map image routine            sta $d020            sta $d021            ldx #$00 loaddccimage:            lda $3f40,x            sta $0400,x            lda $4040,x            sta $0500,x            lda $4140,x            sta $0600,x            lda $4240,x            sta $0700,x            lda $4328,x            sta $d800,x            lda $4428,x            sta $d900,x            lda $4528,x            sta $da00,x            lda $4628,x            sta $db00,x            inx            bne loaddccimage            lda #$3b            sta $d011            lda #$18            sta $d016            lda #$18            sta $d018         ; end of bit map display routine... loop:  ; check if space hit to exit program  lda $dc01   ;check keyboard  cmp #$ef    ;spacebar pressed?  beq exit  jsr loop exit:         jsr $9000 ; reset the SID chip         lda #$1b    ; single-color text mode (normal font)         ldx #$08         ldy #$14         sta $d011         stx $d016         sty $d018    lda #$00                ; change border and background to black and clear screen         sta $d020      ; border         sta $d021      ; background         jsr $e544               ; clear screen         jmp $e394    ; reset 64         rts          ; exit program and return to basic irq:                          ; interrupt routine for SID             jsr $9003         ; play routine for SID             asl $d019         ; ack irq             jmp $ea81      ; back to kernal irq             ;jmp $FA65          ; try this ; to implement - scroller message here... ; psuedo op-codes used by dasm  org $1FFE  INCBIN "nr.title.prg"    ; image to load at $1FFE (Koala Paint picture)  org $9000-$7e  INCBIN "rg.sid"          ; PSID tune to load at $9000

I need help! The pic is displayed with a white border -- which is ok but annoying... and the tune finally plays with the IRQ interrupt now just fine...

BUT how do I exit gracefully and STOP the tune from playing... and reset the C-64 to its default state to be able to run programs???

Also, does anyone know of any tutorials that show how to create using two stable rasters a split screen with a bit map image shown at the top half and a text mode scroller screen on the bottom half?

I realize that I cannot use a text scroller that works with single-color text mode while displaying the bit map in multi-color bit map mode without implementing this raster technique.

Would love to add the scroller to the demo/loader for my game that I am writing...

(need to load net.0 prg and draw5000 prg later after the demo is complete... the loader part of the intro/title prg)

Please can someone help me out here? Using DASM is both a blessing and a curse! I was given a demo source by Overlord from CCI but it doesn't run properly after I converted it to work with the DASM compiler.

Text issues had to change to .byte -- etc.

So... his demo code is too much to learn from and just doesn't work with my compiler that I have learned how to use.

I created the bit map rg.prg using Koala Paint and just am using the loader.sid tune from goattracker that I packed/relocated to $9000 with play routine at $9003.

Again, I have a working IRQ interrupt that plays the SID while the bit map is displayed... and the space bar EXITS the program but the tune does NOT stop playing... and the screen is not in the standard READY[] mode ... the cursor is gone...

Help!

S0RC3R0R
www.netrunner64.com